A canoe is a small boat made from a single tree trunk and driven by OARS. The advantage of a canoe is that it is made from a single tree trunk, which is easy to make and does not risk leaking or falling apart. It is arguably one of mankind's oldest water vehicles.

Primitive canoes are found almost all over the world. A wooden oar dating from 7500 BC has been unearthed in a moor in Yorkshire. This paddle must have been used to row a canoe with a hollowed-out centre.

One such canoe was found in the Netherlands, dating to about 6300 BC. A canoe found in the UK is 16 meters long and 1.5 meters wide. Archaeological evidence has been found in Egypt, India, and elsewhere. Some tribes in Africa and the American Indians still anciently make canoes.

In ancient times, it was found that leaves and trunks would float in water. And found that the weight of leaves can be small, the weight of the trunk can be large, and the thicker the trunk, the greater the weight it can bear. It was also found that the cylindrical trunk was not stable in the water. It would roll over and people could not sit on it. People could not move on the cylindrical trunk.

Then the people cut the round trunk level with tools such as stone axes, stone adzes, forks, etc. Later, it was found more convenient to work wood with fire than with stone axes.

The parts of the trunk that did not need to be dug away were covered with thick wet mud and then burned away with fire. Then the burnt part is burned into a layer of charcoal, and it is easier to cut it with a stone axe. That's how canoes were made.

Canoes float on water based on Archimedes' principle. The canoe floats because it is hollow in the middle, and the weight of the water is equal to the buoyancy of the object. Because canoes are hollow, they have a large volume of water to displace, making them more buoyant.

Canoes are regarded as national symbols by Canadians. They were once widely used as tools of production and living by Canadian Indigenous Aboriginals, now known as "First Nations".

These canoes, hollowed out from entire tree trunks, could be used for hunting, fishing, and transportation on calm, open water, up fast, narrow alpine rivers, through treacherous shallow valleys, and into less-travelled and inaccessible places.

Canada is located at a high latitude, and the territory is covered with high mountains, valleys, and dense forest wilderness, making canoes such as "all-terrain tools" particularly important.

Canoes are especially suitable for primitive transportation in Canada. Therefore, no matter in the steep rivers and fjords, densely covered rivers and lakes, or the Atlantic coast where mountains and seas are connected, canoes are widely used in production and life by local Aboriginal tribes.

Canadian canoes have a common feature: the hull must be hollowed out from the trunk to make the same shape, head, and tail, to make it easy to go backwards in rapids and canyons at any time. The process must involve hollowing out the trunk and injecting it with hot water and boiling stone, to soften it and shape it into the desired shape.